C语言通讯录代码（c语言编写通讯录）

目录

• 1.静态通讯录的实现
  • 实现的方法：
• 2.动态通讯录的实现
  • 实现的方法：
• 3.总结

1.静态通讯录的实现

实现的方法：

我们采用的方法就是工程形势，实现将功能和定义以及测试分成三个文件，其中定义放在.h文件，实现和测试放在.c文件当中。

（1）contact.h文件的基本实现：

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#pragma once//防止头文件重复定义 #define NAME_MAX 20 #define SEX_MAX 5 #define TELE_MAX 12 #define ADDR_MAX 30 #define MAX 1000 //静态通讯录，最大为1000 #include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> struct PeoInfo { char name[NAME_MAX]; int age; char sex[SEX_MAX]; char tele[TELE_MAX]; char addr[ADDR_MAX]; }; //静态的版本 struct Contact { struct PeoInfo data[MAX];//容量为1000的通讯录 int sz; //已经使用了多少个通讯录 }; //初始化通讯录 void InitContact(struct Contact* pc); //通讯录的增加 void PushContact(struct Contact* pc); //通讯录的删除: void PopContact(struct Contact* pc); //通讯录的打印 void ShowContact(const struct Contact* pc); //通过名字来查找,找到返回下标,找不到返回-1。 int FindContactByName(const struct Contact* pc, const char* name); //通讯的查找并打印 void SearchContact(const struct Contact* pc); //修改联系人的信息 void ModContact(struct Contact* pc); //以名字排序 void SortByNameContact(struct Contact* pc); //清空所有联系人 void DestroyContact(struct Contact* pc);

（2）contact.c文件的基本实现

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#include"contact.h" //通讯录的初始化 void InitContact(struct Contact* pc) { pc->sz = 0; memset(pc->data, 0, sizeof(struct PeoInfo) * MAX); } //通讯录增加 void PushContact(struct Contact* pc) { if (pc->sz >= MAX) { printf("This contact is full!\n"); } printf("please input name:>"); scanf("%s", &pc->data[pc->sz].name); printf("please input age:>"); scanf("%d", &pc->data[pc->sz].age); printf("please input sex:>"); scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].sex); printf("please input tele:>"); scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].tele); printf("please input addr:>"); scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].addr); printf("Add successful\n"); pc->sz++; } //通过名字来查找,找到返回下标,找不到返回-1。 int FindContactByName(const struct Contact* pc, const char* ThisName) { int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < pc->sz; i++) { if (strcmp(ThisName, pc->data[i].name) == 0) { return i; } } return -1; } //通讯录的打印 void ShowContact(const struct Contact* pc) { printf("%15s\t%5s\t%8s\t%15s\t%20s\n", "name", "age","sex","tele","addr"); int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < pc->sz; i++) { printf("%15s\t%5d\t%8s\t%15s\t%20s\n", pc->data[i].name, pc->data[i].age, pc->data[i].sex, pc->data[i].tele, pc->data[i].addr); } } //通讯录的删除: void PopContact(struct Contact* pc) { if (pc->sz == 0) { printf("Address book is empty. Can Not be deleted\n"); return; } char name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 }; printf("Please enter the name of the person you want to delete:>"); scanf("%s", name); //1.查找 int pos = FindContactByName(pc, name); if ( pos == -1) { printf("There's no one by that name!\n"); } else { //2.删除 int j = 0; for (j = pos; j < pc->sz - 1; j++) { pc->data[j] = pc->data[j + 1]; } printf("Delection successful\n"); } pc->sz--; } //通讯的查找 void SearchContact(const struct Contact* pc) { char name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 }; printf("please input name of you want to search:>"); scanf("%s", name); int pos = FindContactByName(pc, name); if (pos == -1) { printf("No this one!\n"); } else { printf("%15s\t%5s\t%8s\t%15s\t%20s\n", "name", "age", "sex", "tele", "addr"); printf("%15s\t%5d\t%8s\t%15s\t%20s\n", pc->data[pos].name, pc->data[pos].age, pc->data[pos].sex, pc->data[pos].tele, pc->data[pos].addr); } } //修改联系人的信息 void ModContact(struct Contact* pc) { char name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 }; printf(" Please enter the name of the person you want to modify : > "); scanf("%s", name); int pos = FindContactByName(pc, name); if (pos == -1) { printf("No this one\n"); } else { printf("please input new name:>"); scanf("%s", &pc->data[pos].name); printf("please input new age:>"); scanf("%d", &pc->data[pos].age); printf("please input new sex:>"); scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].sex); printf("please input new tele:>"); scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].tele); printf("please input new addr:>"); scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].addr); printf("Modify successful\n"); } } //以名字排序 void SortByNameContact(struct Contact* pc) { if (pc->sz == 0 || pc->sz == 1) { printf("Too few contacts to sort\n"); } int i, j; for (i = 0; i < pc->sz ; i++) { int flag = 0; for (j = 0; j < pc->sz - 1 - i; j++) { if (strcmp(pc->data[j].name, pc->data[j + 1].name) > 0) { struct PeoInfo tmp = pc->data[j]; pc->data[j] = pc->data[j + 1]; pc->data[j + 1] = tmp; flag = 1; } } if (flag == 0) { break; } } printf("Sort successful\n"); } //清空所有联系人 void DestroyContact(struct Contact* pc) { pc->sz = 0; printf("Destroy successful\n"); }

（3）test.c文件的实现

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#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 #include"contact.h" void menu() { printf("************************************\n"); printf("****** 1.add 2.del *******\n"); printf("****** 3.search 4.modify *******\n"); printf("****** 5.show 6.sort *******\n"); printf("****** 7.destroy 0.exit *******\n"); printf("************************************\n"); } enum Option//使用枚举，增加代码的可读性 { EXIT, ADD, DEL, SEARCH, MODIFY, SHOW, SORT, DESTROY, }; int main() { int input; struct Contact con; //初始化通讯录 InitContact(&con); do { menu(); printf("please select:>\n"); scanf("%d", &input); switch (input) { case EXIT: printf("exit succseeful!\n"); break; case ADD: PushContact(&con); break; case DEL: PopContact(&con); break; case SEARCH: SearchContact(&con); break; case MODIFY: ModContact(&con); break; case SHOW: ShowContact(&con); break; case SORT: SortByNameContact(&con); break; case DESTROY: DestroyContact(&con); break; default: printf("Select error, please select again!\n"); } } while (input); return 0; }

2.动态通讯录的实现

实现的方法：

和静态实现细节都差不多，只是静态使用的数组，所以固定了通讯录的大小，不能超出通讯录大小的限制，且没有使用完还会造成空间的浪费。所以使用动态内存分配来实现动态的通讯录。会节省空间并且是通讯录的大小变得灵活。

（1）contact.h文件的基本实现：

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#pragma once//防止头文件重复定义 #define NAME_MAX 20 #define SEX_MAX 5 #define TELE_MAX 12 #define ADDR_MAX 30 #define DEFINE_SZ 3 #include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include<stdlib.h> struct PeoInfo { char name[NAME_MAX]; int age; char sex[SEX_MAX]; char tele[TELE_MAX]; char addr[ADDR_MAX]; }; //动态的版本 struct Contact { struct PeoInfo* data; int sz;//通讯录已经使用元素的个数 int capacity; //当前的最大容量 }; //初始化通讯录 void InitContact(struct Contact* pc); //通讯录的增加 void PushContact(struct Contact* pc); //通讯录的删除: void PopContact(struct Contact* pc); //通讯录的打印 void ShowContact(const struct Contact* pc); //通过名字来查找,找到返回下标,找不到返回-1。 int FindContactByName(const struct Contact* pc, const char* name); //通讯的查找并打印 void SearchContact(const struct Contact* pc); //修改联系人的信息 void ModContact(struct Contact* pc); //以名字排序 void SortByNameContact(struct Contact* pc); //清空所有联系人 void DestroyContact(struct Contact* pc);

（2）contact.c文件的基本实现

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#include"contact.h" //通讯录的初始化 void InitContact(struct Contact* pc) { pc->sz = 0; pc->data = (struct PeoInfo*)malloc(sizeof(struct PeoInfo) * DEFINE_SZ); if (pc->data == NULL) { printf("malloc fail\n"); return; } pc->capacity = DEFINE_SZ; } //通讯录增加 void PushContact(struct Contact* pc) { if (pc->sz == pc->capacity) { //增容: struct PeoInfo* ptr = (struct PeoInfo*)realloc(pc->data, sizeof(struct PeoInfo) * (pc->capacity + 2)); if (ptr == NULL) { printf("realloc fail\n"); return; } else { pc->data = ptr; pc->capacity += 2; printf("Compatibilization successful\n"); } } //录入新增成员信息: printf("please input name:>"); scanf("%s", &pc->data[pc->sz].name); printf("please input age:>"); scanf("%d", &pc->data[pc->sz].age); printf("please input sex:>"); scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].sex); printf("please input tele:>"); scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].tele); printf("please input addr:>"); scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].addr); printf("Add successful\n"); pc->sz++; } //通过名字来查找,找到返回下标,找不到返回-1。 int FindContactByName(const struct Contact* pc, const char* ThisName) { int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < pc->sz; i++) { if (strcmp(ThisName, pc->data[i].name) == 0) { return i; } } return -1; } //通讯录的打印 void ShowContact(const struct Contact* pc) { printf("%15s\t%5s\t%8s\t%15s\t%20s\n", "name", "age", "sex", "tele", "addr"); int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < pc->sz; i++) { printf("%15s\t%5d\t%8s\t%15s\t%20s\n", pc->data[i].name, pc->data[i].age, pc->data[i].sex, pc->data[i].tele, pc->data[i].addr); } } //通讯录的删除: void PopContact(struct Contact* pc) { if (pc->sz == 0) { printf("Address book is empty. Can Not be deleted\n"); return; } char name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 }; printf("Please enter the name of the person you want to delete:>"); scanf("%s", name); //1.查找 int pos = FindContactByName(pc, name); if (pos == -1) { printf("There's no one by that name!\n"); } else { //2.删除 int j = 0; for (j = pos; j < pc->sz - 1; j++) { pc->data[j] = pc->data[j + 1]; } printf("Delection successful\n"); } pc->sz--; } //通讯的查找 void SearchContact(const struct Contact* pc) { char name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 }; printf("please input name of you want to search:>"); scanf("%s", name); int pos = FindContactByName(pc, name); if (pos == -1) { printf("No this one!\n"); } else { printf("%15s\t%5s\t%8s\t%15s\t%20s\n", "name", "age", "sex", "tele", "addr"); printf("%15s\t%5d\t%8s\t%15s\t%20s\n", pc->data[pos].name, pc->data[pos].age, pc->data[pos].sex, pc->data[pos].tele, pc->data[pos].addr); } } //修改联系人的信息 void ModContact(struct Contact* pc) { char name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 }; printf(" Please enter the name of the person you want to modify : > "); scanf("%s", name); int pos = FindContactByName(pc, name); if (pos == -1) { printf("No this one\n"); } else { printf("please input new name:>"); scanf("%s", &pc->data[pos].name); printf("please input new age:>"); scanf("%d", &pc->data[pos].age); printf("please input new sex:>"); scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].sex); printf("please input new tele:>"); scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].tele); printf("please input new addr:>"); scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].addr); printf("Modify successful\n"); } } //以名字排序 void SortByNameContact(struct Contact* pc) { if (pc->sz == 0 || pc->sz == 1) { printf("Too few contacts to sort\n"); } int i, j; for (i = 0; i < pc->sz; i++) { int flag = 0; for (j = 0; j < pc->sz - 1 - i; j++) { if (strcmp(pc->data[j].name, pc->data[j + 1].name) > 0) { struct PeoInfo tmp = pc->data[j]; pc->data[j] = pc->data[j + 1]; pc->data[j + 1] = tmp; flag = 1; } } if (flag == 0) { break; } } printf("Sort successful\n"); } //清空所有联系人 void DestroyContact(struct Contact* pc) { pc->sz = 0; pc->capacity = 0; free(pc->data); pc->data = NULL; printf("Destroy successful\n"); }

（3）test.c文件的实现

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#include"contact.h" void menu() { printf("************************************\n"); printf("****** 1.add 2.del *******\n"); printf("****** 3.search 4.modify *******\n"); printf("****** 5.show 6.sort *******\n"); printf("****** 7.destroy 0.exit *******\n"); printf("************************************\n"); } enum Option { EXIT, ADD, DEL, SEARCH, MODIFY, SHOW, SORT, DESTROY, }; int main() { int input; struct Contact con; //初始化通讯录 InitContact(&con); do { menu(); printf("please select:>\n"); scanf("%d", &input); switch (input) { case EXIT: DestroyContact(&con); printf("exit succseeful!\n"); break; case ADD: PushContact(&con); break; case DEL: PopContact(&con); break; case SEARCH: SearchContact(&con); break; case MODIFY: ModContact(&con); break; case SHOW: ShowContact(&con); break; case SORT: SortByNameContact(&con); break; case DESTROY: DestroyContact(&con); break; default: printf("Select error, please select again!\n"); } } while (input); return 0; }

3.总结

其实通讯录的实现就是数据结构的一种体现，我们需要学的东西还有很多，请大家一起跟我努力吧！！
再就是有问题请大家及时指正！！！谢谢大家。

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_58666778/article/details/120491783