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leetcode 树(leetcode树算法总结)

[LeetCode] 100. Same Tree 判断相同树

Given two binary trees, write a function to check if they are the same or not.

Two binary trees are considered the same if they are structurally identical and the nodes have the same value.

Example 1:

Input: 1 1
/ \ / \
2 3 2 3

[1,2,3], [1,2,3]

Output: true

Example 2:

Input: 1 1
/ \
2 2

[1,2], [1,null,2]

Output: false

Example 3:

Input: 1 1
/ \ / \
2 1 1 2

[1,2,1], [1,1,2]

Output: false

判断两棵树是否相同和之前的判断两棵树是否对称都是一样的原理,利用深度优先搜索 DFS 来递归。代码如下:

解法一:

?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 class Solution { public: bool isSameTree(TreeNode *p, TreeNode *q) { if (!p && !q) return true; if ((p && !q) || (!p && q) || (p->val != q->val)) return false; return isSameTree(p->left, q->left) && isSameTree(p->right, q->right); } };

这道题还有非递归的解法,因为二叉树的四种遍历(层序,先序,中序,后序)均有各自的迭代和递归的写法,这里我们先来看先序的迭代写法,相当于同时遍历两个数,然后每个节点都进行比较,可参见之间那道 Binary Tree Preorder Traversal,参见代码如下:

解法二:

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 class Solution { public: bool isSameTree(TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) { stack<TreeNode*> st; st.push(p); st.push(q); while (!st.empty()) { p = st.top(); st.pop(); q = st.top(); st.pop(); if (!p && !q) continue; if ((p && !q) || (!p && q) || (p->val != q->val)) return false; st.push(p->right); st.push(q->right); st.push(p->left); st.push(q->left); } return true; } };

也可以使用中序遍历的迭代写法,对应之前那道Binary Tree Inorder Traversal,参见代码如下:

解法三:

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 class Solution { public: bool isSameTree(TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) { stack<TreeNode*> st; while (p || q || !st.empty()) { while (p || q) { if ((p && !q) || (!p && q) || (p->val != q->val)) return false; st.push(p); st.push(q); p = p->left; q = q->left; } p = st.top(); st.pop(); q = st.top(); st.pop(); p = p->right; q = q->right; } return true; } };

对于后序遍历的迭代写法,貌似无法只是用一个栈来做,因为每次取出栈顶元素后不立马移除,这样使用一个栈的话两棵树结点的位置关系就会错乱,分别使用各自的栈就好了,对应之前那道Binary Tree Postorder Traversal,参见代码如下:

解法四:

?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 class Solution { public: bool isSameTree(TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) { stack<TreeNode*> st1, st2; TreeNode *head1, *head2; while (p || q || !st1.empty() || !st2.empty()) { while (p || q) { if ((p && !q) || (!p && q) || (p->val != q->val)) return false; st1.push(p); st2.push(q); p = p->left; q = q->left; } p = st1.top(); q = st2.top(); if ((!p->right || p->right == head1) && (!q->right || q->right == head2)) { st1.pop(); st2.pop(); head1 = p; head2 = q; p = nullptr; q = nullptr; } else { p = p->right; q = q->right; } } return true; } };

对于层序遍历的迭代写法,其实跟先序遍历的迭代写法非常的类似,只不过把栈换成了队列,对应之前那道Binary Tree Level Order Traversal,参见代码如下:

解法五:

?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 class Solution { public: bool isSameTree(TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) { queue<TreeNode*> que; que.push(p); que.push(q); while (!que.empty()) { p = que.front(); que.pop(); q = que.front(); que.pop(); if (!p && !q) continue; if ((p && !q) || (!p && q) || (p->val != q->val)) return false; que.push(p->right); que.push(q->right); que.push(p->left); que.push(q->left); } return true; } };

Github 同步地址:

https://github.com/grandyang/leetcode/issues/100

类似题目:

Binary Tree Preorder Traversal

Binary Tree Inorder Traversal

Binary Tree Postorder Traversal

Binary Tree Level Order Traversal

参考资料:

https://leetcode.com/problems/same-tree/

https://leetcode.com/problems/same-tree/discuss/32684/My-non-recursive-method

https://leetcode.com/problems/same-tree/discuss/32687/Five-line-Java-solution-with-recursion

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原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/grandyang/p/4053384.html

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